These ashaar tend to be more personal by the poet referring to themselves, diverting from the ghazal's universal and self-transcendent qualities. The maqta is the final she'r of a ghazal, where the poet will often include their Takhallus. In this she'r, the poet established the radif, qaafiya, and beher (meter) that the rest of the ghazal will follow. The matla is the first she'r of a ghazal. Ī she'r will often contains what Agha Shahid Ali described as "voltas" or "turns" from the first misra (line) to the second, where the intention of the poet is to surprise the reader or invert expectations. They are often described as couplets by Western audiences and critics, yet using the word "couplet" to describe a she'r is not entirely accurate, as ghazals do not have the rhyme scheme of couplets, nor are they a Western poetic form. In the vast majority of ghazals, there is not logical connection or flow between ashaar in terms of content or theme. 1 Craft Characteristics of an Urdu GhazalĬraft Characteristics of an Urdu Ghazal She'r Ī ghazal is composed of five or more ashaar (singular she'r), which are complete texts even when pulled from the rest of the ghazal.
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